Paralegal vs. Lawyer: Who Does What in a Law Firm?

Paralegal vs. Lawyer: Key Differences

Paralegals and lawyers may work side by side, but their roles aren’t interchangeable. Their authority, responsibilities, and daily focus set them apart in clear ways. Here’s how the two positions differ across the core areas of legal work:

1. Education and Training

In the legal industry, the education path you choose shapes the work you’re allowed to do. Paralegals and lawyers take very different routes, and their education and training requirements reflect the responsibilities they hold in the legal system.

Paralegal Education

Paralegals focus on learning how to assist lawyers rather than practicing law themselves. They don’t need a law degree, but most employers look for some form of formal training.

Common options for paralegals include:

• Associate’s or bachelor’s degree in paralegal studies
• Certification programs or post-bachelor’s certificates in legal studies
• On-the-job training in smaller firms for entry-level roles

Some programs are approved by the American Bar Association (ABA), which can make candidates more competitive.

While paralegals can handle research, organize case files, and draft legal documents, they can’t represent clients or sign legal filings on their own.

Lawyer Education

Only lawyers can provide legal advice and appear in court on a client’s behalf, which is why their training is longer and heavily regulated. Their path generally looks like this:

1. Complete a bachelor’s degree in any field
2. Graduate from an ABA-accredited law school with a law degree (J.D.)
3. Pass the state bar exam to earn a license
4. Maintain that license with continuing legal education (CLE)

This rigorous process prepares lawyers to handle complex cases and carry the ultimate responsibility for legal decisions.

2. Legal Authority

One of the biggest differences between a paralegal and a lawyer is the authority each holds in the legal system. Although both are legal professionals and may handle substantive legal work, only a licensed lawyer has the legal power to act independently on behalf of clients.

A paralegal or legal assistant can perform tasks like researching cases, organizing evidence, and drafting legal documents, but they can’t offer legal advice or appear in court.

Plus, everything they do must be under the guidance of a supervising lawyer, and their work supports the attorney rather than replacing them. Even with formal education and years of experience, a paralegal cannot make legal decisions for clients.

A practicing attorney, on the other hand, meets strict education requirements and licensing requirements that allow them to represent people in court, give advice, and sign off on filings. 

Additionally, they are fully responsible for client cases and must maintain their license through ongoing compliance with state rules.

The clear divide is that a paralegal can assist in legal matters, but only a lawyer can take legal action independently. This difference protects clients and keeps the legal system functioning with proper oversight.

3. Daily Tasks

The day-to-day job duties of a paralegal and a lawyer may seem similar at first glance, but they involve different levels of responsibility. Both handle legal tasks, but a licensed attorney carries the decision-making authority, while a paralegal focuses on support work.

In most law firms, paralegals spend their time preparing cases and assisting with documentation. Their work often includes:

• Conducting legal research and reviewing case law
• Drafting legal documents, pleadings, and other legal tasks for review
• Filing documents with courts and maintaining case files
• Handling some administrative tasks, like scheduling or client updates

Lawyers, on the other hand, focus on actions that require a license. Their job duties include meeting with clients, providing legal advice, negotiating settlements, and representing clients in court, among many others.

They also review and sign all filings because, unlike paralegals, they are legally responsible for the outcome of a case.

Briefpoint can lighten the load for both roles by automating document preparation, helping paralegals get through routine paperwork faster, and giving lawyers more time to focus on strategy and client advocacy. 

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4. Cost and Client Interaction

The way paralegals and lawyers interact with clients and the cost of their services clearly separate their roles. Paralegals focus on behind-the-scenes support and routine communication, while lawyers handle the critical conversations and carry the full responsibility for a case.

Let’s take a closer look:

Client Communications

Paralegals often handle the background communication that keeps cases moving. They might:

• Call or email clients for routine updates or to collect documents
• Organize client files and make sure everything is ready for the attorney’s review
• Schedule meetings or depositions for the lawyer

They may collect information and keep clients updated, but giving legal advice or making decisions remains the lawyer’s responsibility.

Lawyers, on the other hand, take the lead on all major communications. They meet with clients to discuss strategy, provide guidance, and answer legal questions. This direct interaction carries more responsibility because the lawyer’s advice can impact the outcome of a case.

Legal Fees

Cost is another area where the difference stands out. Paralegals usually bill at a lower hourly rate since their tasks focus on support and preparation. Their work helps reduce overall costs for clients by handling the repetitive, time-consuming tasks.

To put this into perspective, the National Association of Legal Assistants reports that the median hourly wage for paralegals and legal assistants in the United States is $24.87.

On the flip side, lawyers charge higher legal fees because they’re accountable for the case and provide the advice, representation, and strategic decisions clients rely on.

According to Clio’s Legal Trends Report, the average hourly billable rate for lawyers in 2024 was $341, showing the significant cost difference between support work and licensed legal representation.

Nevertheless, a typical law office combines both roles to give clients cost-effective service:

• Paralegal handles preparation and routine follow-ups
• Lawyer handles advice, representation, and final decisions

This team approach saves clients money while making sure they always have access to a licensed professional for the most important parts of their case.

5. Career Paths and Growth

Paralegals often build a specialized career as part of a legal team. Lawyers, by contrast, focus on courtroom work, client representation, and long-term opportunities like firm partnerships or corporate counsel roles.

Paralegals can grow their legal careers in several ways:

• Moving into senior or supervisory paralegal positions
• Gaining experience in high-demand practice areas like real estate or corporate law
• Shifting into training or legal operations within a firm

Networking through paralegal associations can also create paths to advancement or additional certifications.

The job market is steady but not fast-growing. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment of paralegals and legal assistants is expected to rise 1% from 2023 to 2033, slower than the average for all jobs.

Even so, around 37,300 openings per year are projected, mostly from retirements or people leaving the field.

On the other hand, lawyers typically have more room to advance into leadership roles, private practice, or specialized positions, making their career trajectory broader than that of most paralegals.

How Briefpoint Supports Lawyers and Paralegals

Paralegals and lawyers might handle different responsibilities, but together they keep a law firm running like clockwork.

Paralegals focus on the tasks that form the foundation of any case. Lawyers step in for the decision-making, client guidance, and courtroom work. When each role does its part, the legal team operates smoothly and clients get the attention they expect.

However, the way this work gets done is changing fast. Tasks like drafting discovery documents, preparing motions, and reviewing legal documents no longer have to eat up entire days.

Document automation and legal AI tools now handle the repetitive parts, giving paralegals more time for meaningful support and letting lawyers concentrate on strategy and client relationships.

Briefpoint makes this shift simple. It automates document preparation and review so you’re not buried in paperwork. Your paralegals get time back for meaningful support, your lawyers stay focused on strategy, and your cases move forward without the usual delays.

See how Briefpoint can simplify your legal workflow. Book your demo now.