Understanding eDiscovery Costs and How to Manage Them

Understanding eDiscovery Costs and How to Manage Them

Discovery budgets keep rising, and the data proves it. Reports show that ComplexDiscovery just released its 2025 eDiscovery Review Update. Document review made up roughly 64% of all discovery spending in 2024, reaching nearly $10.8 billion worldwide.

Even with AI and predictive analytics in play, review remains the biggest driver of eDiscovery costs and will likely stay that way for years to come.

The good news is that this balance is starting to shift. Automation and clearer billing models are now giving legal teams real power over their spending. 

In this guide, we’ll look at what drives eDiscovery costs, common mistakes that make them rise, and practical ways to manage discovery more efficiently and predictably.

What Are eDiscovery Costs?

eDiscovery costs simply refer to the total expenses involved in managing electronically stored information (ESI) during the eDiscovery process. This includes collecting, processing, reviewing, and producing digital data for litigation, investigations, or regulatory matters.

Many firms frequently observe a substantial increase in discovery expenditures once their data expands in both quantity and intricacy. Hosting, software, vendor bills, and reviewer time can quickly stack up, especially with mountains of paperwork.

Pricing also varies widely across providers. Some bill by the gigabyte, while others offer per-matter or subscription plans that make budgeting easier to predict.

At its core, eDiscovery spending comes down to balance: collecting enough data to build a solid case without paying for unnecessary storage or review work.

To keep legal costs down, firms are investing in smarter technology and clearer work plans. This is because digital evidence now factors into almost every case.

Main Factors That Drive eDiscovery Pricing

If you’ve ever reviewed an eDiscovery bill and wondered how it got so high, it usually comes down to a few key factors.

The final bill for discovery work usually depends on how much data you have to review, how efficiently you set up the entire process, and the billing method your service provider uses.  

Here are a few key factors to keep in mind: 

  • Data volumes: The sheer amount of ESI can quickly raise costs. More data means more storage, processing, and review work.
  • Data collection: Gathering files from multiple sources, like email servers, chat platforms, and cloud storage, adds time and complexity.
  • Review costs: Document review remains a significant expense since it often requires both legal automation tools and human oversight.
  • Labor costs: The number of people involved in tagging, redacting, or validating files can greatly influence the total.
  • Unnecessary data: Collecting irrelevant or duplicate files leads to higher hosting and processing fees.
  • eDiscovery software providers: Different platforms follow their own pricing rules.
  • Hidden costs: Unexpected expenses, like metadata recovery or reprocessing, can quietly add to your total.

Understanding these drivers early helps you plan more effectively and reduce unnecessary spending throughout the eDiscovery process.

Common Mistakes That Increase eDiscovery Costs

You might organize a discovery project well, but forgetting small items will quickly make it expensive. Projects often run way over budget. A lot of those extra costs come from errors that were totally preventable, such as:

Collecting Unnecessary or Duplicate Data

Gathering every file in sight may seem thorough, but it usually leads to higher costs during data processing and review. Data minimization (collecting only what’s relevant) helps reduce eDiscovery costs and shortens the overall workflow.

Duplicate files or outdated storage systems add another layer of waste. They increase hosting fees and reviewer time without contributing anything useful to the case.

Skipping Early Case Assessment

Early case assessment (ECA) lets you see all your case data clearly, well before you start the full review. Skipping this step often results in more documents to process, more time wasted, and higher eDiscovery costs.

Law firms find that modern eDiscovery’s initial data scans make a real difference. These first-look tools quickly shrink the volume of information to sort through, sharpen the accuracy of discoveries, and maintain financial discipline from the start. 

Relying Too Heavily on Manual Review

Human checks matter, yet relying too heavily on them bogs down work and wastes money. A balanced approach that combines automation with human judgment helps maintain accuracy while managing eDiscovery costs.

Tools that highlight duplicate or irrelevant content can save hours during the review process and lower total spend.

Ignoring Data Retention and Deletion Policies

Skipping proper retention and deletion policies often means dealing with old or irrelevant data that only adds to collection and review costs. Poor governance also increases the risk of data breaches, especially if sensitive files sit in legacy systems.

That’s why establishing clear policies keeps your records organized, compliant, and easier to manage during discovery.

Choosing Vendors Without Understanding Pricing Terms

Don’t assume every eDiscovery company bills you the same way. Unexpected charges for data storage, user access, or reprocessing often push your total bill way past your first guess.

Remember: Always check the pricing details upfront and clarify what’s included before committing to a provider.

Failing to Track Progress or Document Review Decisions

It’s easy to waste time redoing tasks when there’s no clear record of what’s been reviewed or approved. Gaps in documentation can also lead to costly mistakes during production.

A good way to avoid this problem is by using project dashboards and audit trails. These help teams monitor every step, maintain defensibility, and reduce rework throughout the discovery process.

Best Practices to Control eDiscovery Spending

Luckily, the spots where your expenses grow the most are also the places you can save significantly. With a few strategic habits and the correct lawyer tools, you can keep discovery efficient, defensible, and within budget.

1. Use Automation and AI to Reduce Manual Work

Discovery requests can easily overwhelm any legal department. When each case brings thousands of pages of electronic data, even small tasks can turn into a major source of eDiscovery expenses. Many teams try to handle it manually, but the sheer volume makes that approach inefficient and costly.

Law firm automation changes that. AI-powered tools can quickly identify relevant files, eliminate duplicates, and prepare productions without the endless page-turning.

For example, instead of assigning several paralegals to review one client’s emails line by line, automation can surface responsive messages in seconds.

In other words, bringing eDiscovery in-house with the right legal AI tools not only helps reduce costs but also gives you more control over timing and quality.

That’s exactly what Briefpoint’s Autodoc is built for. Upload your RFPs, case files, and productions, and Autodoc instantly drafts fully cited Word responses, complete with Bates numbering and page-level citations. You can verify results, make edits, and serve your production in minutes.

With automation handling the tedious work, your team can focus on strategy and client outcomes rather than administrative tasks. Book a demo today to see how fast discovery can actually move.

2. Start With Early Case Assessment

Before diving into the review phase, take time to understand what data you’re working with. Early case assessment helps you evaluate the scope of your electronically stored information and pinpoint what’s actually relevant.

Skipping this step often leads to unnecessary review hours and inflated eDiscovery costs. So, a quick, structured assessment can save both time and money down the line.

Here’s what a solid ECA process includes:

  • Identify key custodians and data sources: Know where your data is stored and who manages it.
  • Filter out irrelevant content early: Narrow the data set to focus only on relevant information.
  • Estimate data volumes and timelines: Helps forecast workloads and project costs accurately.
  • Use analytics to spot duplicates or patterns: This reduces the time spent sifting through vast amounts of data.

Legal teams that apply ECA at the start often cut eDiscovery costs significantly. It sets a clear direction for the rest of the process and keeps your review focused on what matters.

3. Standardize Data Collection and Review Workflows

One of the easiest ways to cut wasted time during discovery is to build a repeatable process and stick to it.

When every case follows a different system, even simple steps like finding chat messages or sorting documents can slow things down. That inconsistency not only causes delays but also drives up total litigation spend.

Meanwhile, a consistent legal workflow brings order to the chaos. For instance, collecting data from emails, messaging apps, and shared drives using the same structure every time keeps everything aligned and easy to track.

It also creates clear communication between attorneys and staff since everyone knows exactly where files belong and how they move through review.

And with the best eDiscovery software, these workflows almost manage themselves. For starters, automation can log collection details, group similar documents, and show real-time progress, so you always know what’s done and what’s next.

4. Work With Transparent eDiscovery Providers

Unclear pricing models can make discovery budgeting unpredictable. Some firms only learn about extra charges after the invoice arrives, which is when it’s too late to adjust.

However, working with transparent eDiscovery providers helps you understand exactly what you’re paying for and avoid unwanted surprises as your data grows.

When evaluating an eDiscovery platform, look for:

  • Flat fee or capped pricing: Predictable billing makes it easier to manage ongoing matters.
  • Clear storage terms: Know how pricing changes as you upload more data or archive old files.
  • Defined user seats: Check how many team members can access the platform without triggering extra costs.
  • Detailed scope of services: Make sure data processing, hosting, and support are included upfront.
  • Accessible dashboards and reports: Transparency shouldn’t stop at billing; insight into project progress and usage matters, too.

Choosing the best provider goes beyond technology. It also revolves around building a partnership where pricing is clear, the terms are fair, and you have the confidence to forecast eDiscovery costs accurately across every case.

5. Train Your Team on Defensible Discovery Practices

Defensible discovery practices are the rules that keep every step of the eDiscovery process clear and legally solid. The point is to be able to show that data was handled the right way, if anyone questions how evidence was collected or reviewed.

Training your team with these eDiscovery best practices strengthens credibility and prevents costly disputes later on. Key areas to focus on include:

  • Project management: Define responsibilities, timelines, and checkpoints to keep every task organized.
  • Data governance: Set clear policies for data storage, retention, and access control to avoid confusion later.
  • Chain of custody: Track who accessed or modified files to preserve authenticity throughout the process.
  • Communication with opposing counsel: Keep all correspondence professional and well-documented to prevent disputes.
  • Documentation and reporting: Maintain detailed records that demonstrate how evidence was handled and reviewed.
  • Billing awareness: Review how billable hours are spent and identify where automation or improved reviewer training can save time.

6. Adopt Technology With Predictable Pricing Models

Choosing the right software can reshape how legal professionals manage both costs and workloads. Many teams still depend on outside vendors for discovery, which often leads to slow turnarounds and unpredictable billing.

Using a platform with clear, fixed pricing brings transparency and control back in-house. Modern eDiscovery tools combine automation, analytics, and project tracking in one plan, so there are no hidden fees or surprise add-ons later.

This approach makes budgeting easier and ensures that resources stay focused on relevant data instead of redundant tasks. In the long run, consistent pricing helps firms cut costs and rely less on external providers.

Reduce eDiscovery Costs and Work Smarter With Briefpoint

Keeping discovery affordable starts with a structured process and an optimal tech stack.

When workflows are consistent, teams are well-trained, and tools are reliable, managing eDiscovery costs becomes far more predictable. Automation then helps transform that structure into real, measurable cost savings.

Briefpoint Autodoc

Briefpoint streamlines every part of discovery. Its Autodoc feature automatically drafts Bates-numbered, Word-formatted responses with page-level citations in minutes, replacing hours of manual review and formatting.

With clear pricing and an intuitive platform, Briefpoint gives legal teams both speed and control over their discovery process.

If you’re ready to simplify your workflow and cut eDiscovery costs, schedule a demo with Briefpoint today!

FAQs About eDiscovery Costs

Why is eDiscovery so expensive?

The main reason is the sheer volume of data stored across devices, cloud storage, and communication platforms. Sorting, collecting, and reviewing that information takes time, people, and eDiscovery solutions. Document review is often the primary driver of total costs, especially when large teams handle it manually instead of using automation or AI.

What are the possible costs associated with electronic discovery?

Electronic discovery costs can include data collection, processing, review, hosting, and production. Additional costs may arise from third-party vendor fees, software licenses, and legal holds to preserve evidence. The total depends on the size of the case, the data type involved, and how efficiently the process is managed.

What does eDiscovery mean?

eDiscovery refers to the process of identifying, collecting, reviewing, and producing electronic information that could be relevant in litigation or investigations. In the legal profession, it helps ensure both parties have access to accurate, verifiable evidence during a case.

The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, constitute legal advice; instead, all information, content, and materials available on this site are for general informational purposes only. Information on this website may not constitute the most up-to-date legal or other information.

This website contains links to other third-party websites. Such links are only for the convenience of the reader, user or browser. Readers of this website should contact their attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular legal matter. No reader, user, or browser of this site should act or refrain from acting on the basis of information on this site without first seeking legal advice from counsel in the relevant jurisdiction. Only your individual attorney can provide assurances that the information contained herein – and your interpretation of it – is applicable or appropriate to your particular situation. Use of, and access to, this website or any of the links or resources contained within the site do not create an attorney-client relationship between the reader, user, or browser and website authors, contributors, contributing law firms, or committee members and their respective employers.

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What is eDiscovery? (Definitions, Steps & Best Practices)

What is eDiscovery? (Definitions, Steps & Best Practices)

The sheer volume of digital information created every day has completely changed how legal teams handle evidence. From emails and chat logs to cloud files and databases, nearly every case now involves some form of electronic data.

This shift gave rise to eDiscovery, or the process of finding, collecting, and reviewing that information during litigation or investigations.

In simple terms, eDiscovery helps attorneys uncover facts hidden within digital systems and turn them into usable evidence. It’s a critical step in making sure that all relevant material is preserved, reviewed, and presented accurately.

While the best eDiscovery software helps automate much of this work, the process itself remains grounded in legal standards designed to keep every case defensible and transparent.

Defining Electronic Discovery

Electronic discovery, also termed eDiscovery or e-discovery, refers to the process of locating, collecting, and reviewing electronic information that could become evidence in legal proceedings.

It involves analyzing potentially relevant data such as emails, messages, spreadsheets, and databases to uncover facts that support a case.

Unlike routine data searches, eDiscovery operates within strict procedural and legal frameworks that demand accuracy and transparency at every step of the discovery process. Specifically, each document or file must retain its original structure and metadata to be admissible in court.

As digital evidence grows more complex, understanding eDiscovery has become essential for handling large volumes of information efficiently while staying compliant with evolving legal standards.

What is Electronically Stored Information?

Electronically stored information (ESI) refers to any data created, stored, or transmitted in digital form that may serve as relevant evidence during the discovery process.

In modern legal proceedings, most communication and recordkeeping happen electronically, which means valuable details are often buried within digital systems.

ESI covers everything from simple text files to complex databases. It can live on local drives, cloud platforms, mobile devices, or enterprise systems, and must be preserved and reviewed carefully to maintain its authenticity.

Legal teams analyze ESI to locate electronic documents or communications that may clarify key facts in a dispute.

Common examples of ESI include:

  • Emails and attachments stored in corporate or personal accounts
  • Instant messaging chats from platforms like Slack, Microsoft Teams, or WhatsApp
  • Video files and meeting recordings from conferencing tools
  • Social media posts and comments relevant to a case
  • Financial or business records stored in CRMs, ERPs, or accounting software
  • Electronic documents such as contracts, spreadsheets, or reports

Properly managing electronic data sources helps make sure that no crucial information is lost or altered, which, in turn, helps keep all materials usable and defensible in court.

Electronic Discovery vs. Traditional Discovery

Traditional discovery once meant sorting through boxes of paper documents and filing cabinets. Every page had to be read, copied, and organized by hand, which was a time-consuming and expensive task that often led to delays and overlooked details.

Electronic discovery changes that approach by dealing with digital information rather than paper. Rather than flipping through files, legal teams can now search across emails, messages, and databases within seconds.

The shift has made discovery faster and more precise, but it’s also introduced new challenges. With so much digital data available, many organizations struggle to separate what’s truly important from non-relevant documents.

Key differences include:

  • Volume: eDiscovery handles millions of files, while traditional methods focus on physical paper documents.
  • Speed: Digital tools quickly filter and categorize data.
  • Accuracy: Advanced search and analytics can uncover hidden evidence that manual reviews might miss.
  • Complexity: Despite legal automation, managing multiple data formats and storage systems can still make eDiscovery a complex process.

Overall, eDiscovery provides deeper insight and control, but it requires the right tools and expertise to manage the growing scale of electronic evidence effectively.

Tools like Briefpoint help simplify this process by automating document drafting, production formatting, and Bates numbering, so teams can focus on the real work behind every case. Book a demo today.

Key Steps in the eDiscovery Process

The e-discovery process follows a structured framework that helps legal teams manage data efficiently and defensibly. Each stage builds on the last to make sure that all evidence remains accurate, traceable, and admissible throughout litigation or internal investigations.

1. Identification

The initial phase focuses on finding where potentially relevant documents or data exist. Teams work with IT staff and forensic investigators to locate files across servers, cloud storage, and personal devices. This stage often defines the scope of what needs to be reviewed later.

2. Preservation

Once data sources are identified, a legal hold is issued to prevent deletion or alteration. Key stakeholders receive instructions to retain emails, messages, and files connected to the matter, maintaining data integrity for review.

3. Collection

During the collection phase, legal teams gather data from the identified sources using secure, defensible methods.

Metadata (like timestamps and authorship) is preserved to maintain authenticity during the review process.

4. Processing

During the processing phase, large data volumes are filtered, de-duplicated, and converted into searchable formats. This step prepares the dataset for legal review and analysis.

5. Review and Production

Attorneys analyze and produce relevant files for opposing counsel based on the Electronic Discovery Reference Model (EDRM), which helps ensure full compliance and defensibility at every stage.

Use Cases of eDiscovery

eDiscovery comes into play anytime large volumes of electronic evidence need to be reviewed or organized.

It’s not limited to court cases, though. Companies also rely on it for compliance, audits, and everyday risk management.

With strong information governance and advanced tools, legal teams can find potentially relevant information faster while keeping everything defensible and well-documented.

Here are a few common use cases that show how eDiscovery technology supports different needs:

  • Litigation and regulatory matters: Attorneys use technology-assisted review and computer-assisted review to process relevant ESI efficiently and focus on what truly matters during document review.
  • Internal investigations: Companies use eDiscovery tools to look into policy breaches, data misuse, or workplace disputes without disrupting ongoing operations.
  • Compliance and data retention: Strong retention policies combined with archiving systems help teams stay organized and ready for audits or data requests.
  • Mergers and acquisitions: During due diligence, eDiscovery helps review large data sets quickly to spot risks or confidential information that might affect the deal.
  • Government or public inquiries: Agencies use these systems to collect and manage information requests while keeping communication transparent and traceable.

In short, eDiscovery helps organizations stay prepared, compliant, and in control of their data across any situation.

eDiscovery Best Practices for Litigation Workflows

Now that we’ve covered how eDiscovery works in different settings, let’s focus on how to apply it within the litigation process.

Effective workflows keep data secure, organized, and easy to present, which can help legal counsel respond to cases and regulatory requests in a timely manner.

The following best practices can strengthen any legal process and make discovery more defensible and efficient.

Establish a Clear Data Strategy

A strong discovery workflow starts with understanding where raw data lives and how it moves across your systems.

Create a clear map of data sources, such as email servers, cloud storage, and collaboration tools. This way, you know where to look when new matters arise. Early identification helps reduce wasted effort later in the process and keeps deadlines realistic.

Many teams now integrate eDiscovery solutions directly into their case management systems to simplify this tracking and reduce manual searching.

Protect Sensitive Information

Every discovery project includes some form of confidential or sensitive information, from client records to trade secrets. Use access controls, encryption, and secure transfer protocols to limit exposure during review or production.

Clear labeling and privilege logs also help maintain defensibility if information is challenged. Legal teams should regularly review their data handling procedures to stay aligned with current privacy and security standards.

Automate Early Stages of Review

Workflow automation helps legal counsel manage growing data volumes without sacrificing accuracy. Modern eDiscovery solutions use analytics and AI-driven features to categorize documents automatically, separating high-priority items from irrelevant ones.

This not only shortens review time but also makes it easier to meet deadlines for regulatory requests. Plus, technology-assisted review and keyword filters can quickly flag potential evidence while keeping the review team focused on what matters most.

Maintain Strong Communication Channels

The litigation workflow often involves multiple teams, including attorneys, IT, compliance, and external partners.

Consistent communication keeps everyone aligned and minimizes the risk of error. So, hold brief check-ins during each stage of the discovery timeline to verify progress and adjust scope when new information surfaces.

Additionally, a shared platform or collaboration dashboard makes sure that updates are documented and easy to reference throughout the legal process.

Document Everything for Defensibility

From the first data pull to the final production, documentation builds trust and credibility. Record what data was collected, how it was preserved, and who handled it.

Maintaining this audit trail protects against disputes and shows that every action followed a consistent, defensible procedure.

Reliable documentation also helps legal counsel demonstrate diligence if propounding discovery practices are ever questioned in court or during a regulatory request review.

Review and Improve Post-Case

After each case, take time to review what worked well and what could be improved. Evaluate the efficiency of your eDiscovery solutions, communication flow, and timeline management.

Gathering feedback from key stakeholders strengthens your overall discovery readiness for future matters. A post-case review helps teams continuously refine their process, reduce costs, and respond faster in upcoming litigation.

The End of Manual Discovery Has Finally Arrived

eDiscovery has turned into a core part of modern litigation that helps firms manage complex digital evidence, protect sensitive data, and respond to cases on time. When done right, it saves hours of effort and keeps every production defensible all throughout.

Briefpoint

Briefpoint takes that next step by turning the most tedious parts of discovery into a streamlined workflow. Its AI-powered drafting tools prepare discovery requests and responses automatically with no formatting headaches or endless copy-pasting.

And with Autodoc now live, teams can generate Bates-cited Word responses and production-ready packages in minutes. Every file stays traceable, every record stays consistent.

Briefpoint gives law firms a faster, smarter, and fully defensible way to handle discovery from the first draft to final production.

Schedule a demo today!

FAQs About What Is eDiscovery

What is an example of electronic discovery?

An example of electronic discovery is when a law firm collects and reviews emails, chat logs, and digital documents to find evidence for a legal case. This process is commonly referred to as eDiscovery and helps attorneys locate and analyze relevant data that supports their arguments in court.

What is the best eDiscovery tool?

The best eDiscovery tool depends on your firm’s needs, but leading platforms like Briefpoint, with its features like Autodoc, stand out for their automation and accuracy. It simplifies the entire discovery workflow, from identifying relevant files to generating Bates-cited productions, saving time while maintaining defensibility.

What is document review in eDiscovery?

Document review is the stage where attorneys examine collected materials to decide which are relevant, confidential, or privileged. AI-driven features such as predictive coding help prioritize files and improve accuracy, reducing the time needed for human review.

What is the identification phase in eDiscovery?

The identification phase is the first step of the process, where legal teams locate potential sources of digital information. They collect data from servers, cloud accounts, and devices to uncover evidence that may hold business value or legal significance for the case.

The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, constitute legal advice; instead, all information, content, and materials available on this site are for general informational purposes only. Information on this website may not constitute the most up-to-date legal or other information.

This website contains links to other third-party websites. Such links are only for the convenience of the reader, user or browser. Readers of this website should contact their attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular legal matter. No reader, user, or browser of this site should act or refrain from acting on the basis of information on this site without first seeking legal advice from counsel in the relevant jurisdiction. Only your individual attorney can provide assurances that the information contained herein – and your interpretation of it – is applicable or appropriate to your particular situation. Use of, and access to, this website or any of the links or resources contained within the site do not create an attorney-client relationship between the reader, user, or browser and website authors, contributors, contributing law firms, or committee members and their respective employers.

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How Does eDiscovery Work?

How Does eDiscovery Work?

Every lawsuit today starts with data like emails, chats, documents, and even videos. The question isn’t whether that information exists, but how quickly you can find it, review it, and prove it matters.

That’s the real challenge behind eDiscovery.

And as law firms moved away from paper files, the discovery phase became more technical and a lot more demanding.

In response, the best teams now rely on the best eDiscovery software to manage that load. These tools search millions of digital records, flag relevant evidence, and keep everything organized for review and production, all while maintaining accuracy and defensibility.

This guide walks you through how the process actually works. You’ll see how data turns into usable evidence, which technologies make the biggest difference, and why mastering eDiscovery has become a must for every modern legal team.

What is eDiscovery?

Electronic discovery (eDiscovery or e-discovery) is the process of finding, collecting, and reviewing electronically stored information (ESI) that can serve as digital evidence in a legal case.

It helps legal teams gather and manage potentially relevant data like emails, documents, or messages that could impact the outcome of a dispute.

Unlike old-school paper discovery, where lawyers sorted through boxes of printed files, eDiscovery deals with massive amounts of digital information spread across different systems.

Hence, it’s now a standard part of the litigation workflow that gives teams a faster, more organized way to search, analyze, and share data.

In simple terms, electronic discovery lets legal professionals collect data efficiently and keep everything defensible, accurate, and easy to track from start to finish.

Types of Data Involved in eDiscovery

The electronically stored information involved in eDiscovery comes in many forms, and most of it lives in digital systems that people use every day.

Legal teams have to sort through a mix of files, messages, and records to find what might matter to a case. This data can include both structured records, like databases, and unstructured files, such as emails or chats.

Here are some of the most common types of data reviewed in eDiscovery:

  • Emails and attachments from personal or corporate accounts
  • Documents and spreadsheets stored on local drives or cloud systems
  • Instant messaging chats from apps like Slack, Teams, or WhatsApp
  • Social media posts such as text posts, comments, or private messages
  • Cell phone data, including texts, call logs, and photos
  • Video files from meetings, security footage, or recordings
  • Digital audio from calls, interviews, or voice notes
  • Databases and CRM records containing business or client information

Each data type presents its own challenges for collection and review, so modern eDiscovery tools are designed to handle multiple formats and keep everything organized in one searchable platform.

An Overview of the eDiscovery Process

The eDiscovery process follows a series of steps that help legal teams manage large volumes of electronic data efficiently. Each stage is designed to protect accuracy, maintain defensibility, and turn raw information into usable, relevant evidence for a case.

Let’s take a closer look at each phase:

1. Identification

This first step focuses on finding where digital data might exist. Legal teams identify potential sources such as email servers, cloud accounts, chat platforms, or mobile devices.

They may also work with forensic investigators and IT staff to locate files and communications that could hold relevant details. Basically, the goal is to map out every location where information connected to the case could be stored.

2. Preservation

Once potential evidence is identified, it must be protected from deletion or modification.

This step often involves issuing a legal hold, which is a formal notice telling employees and custodians to keep specific files, emails, or messages that might relate to the case. It prevents the destruction or alteration of important information during ongoing or potential litigation.

Legal teams then make secure copies of key files and follow digital forensic procedures to keep data intact and verifiable.

Maintaining a clear chain of custody ensures that every file can be traced back to its source, which helps prevent any disputes over authenticity later in the legal proceedings.

3. Collection

During this stage, teams collect data from the identified sources using secure tools. The data may include raw data from servers, devices, or cloud platforms.

Collection must be done carefully to preserve metadata like timestamps, sender details, and file paths. These details help confirm the origin and reliability of the evidence.

4. Processing

Processing involves filtering, organizing, and converting large volumes of data into usable formats. Duplicate or irrelevant files are removed, and file types are standardized for easier handling.

Many eDiscovery tools also detect corrupt or unreadable files automatically. The goal is to reduce data volume before the document review stage while keeping all potentially relevant evidence intact.

5. Review

At this point, attorneys or trained reviewers examine documents to decide what is relevant, privileged, or confidential. Legal AI tools and keyword searches speed up this document review phase.

Reviewers may tag, categorize, or annotate documents for later reference. This step often takes the most time but is key to building a strong case strategy.

6. Production

After review, the approved documents are shared with the opposing party or submitted to the court. Files are usually formatted with Bates numbering or other tracking identifiers to keep everything in order.

Productions often include metadata summaries and privilege logs to document how materials were selected and labeled. Of course, accuracy and completeness are key since the shared data becomes officially relevant evidence in the legal proceedings.

For faster, more accurate productions, tools like Autodoc can automate the process. It turns productions and case files into ready-to-serve discovery responses, complete with Bates numbering, page-level citations, and a production package ready to file.

Schedule a demo now.

7. Presentation

The final stage prepares the reviewed material for use in depositions, hearings, or trials. Lawyers use presentation tools to highlight key exhibits, timelines, or communications during arguments.

The process makes sure that digital data collected at the start is presented clearly and credibly at the end of the case.

Why eDiscovery Matters in Litigation

eDiscovery has become a core part of the litigation process because nearly all electronic documents can serve as relevant evidence.

The sheer volume of data makes the process demanding, and many law firms face pressure to handle data collection and review in a timely manner while keeping discovery costs reasonable.

Both state and federal courts require that electronic data be preserved, reviewed, and produced according to strict standards, which means every case must be handled with care.

Today’s eDiscovery software helps manage this complex process by filtering, tagging, and organizing massive data sets so teams focus only on what matters. Without these tools, even well-prepared legal teams risk data loss or incomplete productions that could affect a case’s credibility.

Key reasons why eDiscovery matters in litigation:

  • Accuracy: Helps identify and produce only the most relevant documents, reducing confusion during the review process.
  • Efficiency: Speeds up data collection and review, keeping deadlines on track.
  • Cost control: Cuts discovery costs by limiting documents to those needed for the case.
  • Compliance: Meets legal standards in both state and federal courts for defensible evidence handling.
  • Client trust: Many clients simply refuse to pay for wasted effort, which often makes law firm efficiency a direct business advantage.

Types of eDiscovery Technology

Legal tech for litigation plays a major role in managing the eDiscovery process. With the growing volume of digital data, legal teams rely on software and automation to handle tasks that once took days of manual work.

Some of the best examples include:

Document Automation in eDiscovery

Document automation is transforming how legal teams manage eDiscovery requests. Legal professionals can now draft, label, and format discovery materials in minutes, replacing hours once spent sorting through paper documents and emails.

In other words, automation keeps cases organized, reduces manual effort, and helps teams respond on time.

Legal document automation software handles digital records automatically by applying templates, standard objections, and consistent language across every response.

Plus, they improve accuracy, maintain compliance with court expectations, and let attorneys focus on legal strategy instead of repetitive formatting.

Key benefits of document automation in eDiscovery:

  • Deliver faster results: Complete discovery responses and productions in minutes
  • Maintain consistency: Use uniform phrasing, citations, and formatting across matters
  • Increase accuracy: Prevent human errors during document compilation and labeling
  • Cut costs: Reduce administrative work and speed up collaboration across teams

Platforms like Briefpoint make this process even faster. Its AI-powered drafting tools help law firms create discovery responses (including objections, answers, and Bates-cited productions) up to 95% faster.

Book a demo to see how Briefpoint automates discovery from start to finish and helps your team move cases forward with confidence.

Data Identification and Collection Tools

The first step in the eDiscovery process involves identifying where electronic information may be stored and collecting it in a defensible way. Modern legal teams rely on advanced tools that can locate digital files across servers, email accounts, mobile devices, and cloud platforms.

These tools use smart filtering to focus on only those records that could hold value to the case, reducing time spent on irrelevant data.

Many systems now include computer-assisted generated content recognition, which helps detect files created by AI, automated scripts, or collaborative tools. This is especially important as organizations produce more mixed data sources, all of which may contain key evidence.

For example, a mid-sized law firm investigating a contract dispute might use RelativityOne or Everlaw to scan cloud-based storage and employee communications.

The system identifies relevant keywords, time frames, and user accounts, then collects those files while preserving metadata like timestamps and file authors.

These data identification and collection tools give attorneys a clear view of what information exists and where it resides. That clarity makes it easier to manage large-scale cases and avoid errors during the review and production stages.

Digital Forensic Software

Digital forensic software helps legal teams recover, preserve, and analyze evidence related to a case without changing or damaging the original data.

It’s a key part of the legal process, especially in civil litigation, where attorneys must prove that every piece of electronic information is authentic and collected properly.

This type of software digs deep into computers, mobile devices, and cloud systems to uncover files that might not be visible through normal searches.

It can retrieve deleted items, locate hidden folders, and examine metadata like timestamps, file history, and authorship. These details help confirm when and how a document was created, modified, or shared.

For example, if a company is accused of altering emails before a lawsuit, forensic tools can trace the original messages, verify their contents, and document any changes.

That level of precision gives legal teams confidence in the integrity of their evidence related to digital sources and ensures it can stand up to court scrutiny.

Processing and Filtering Platforms

Once data is collected, it must be organized into a usable format. Processing and filtering platforms handle this stage by sorting through massive amounts of electronic data to find relevant information and prepare it for review.

These lawyer tools do things like removing duplicates, fixing corrupted files, and converting everything into consistent formats that are easier to search and analyze.

They also apply search parameters to narrow down the results. This helps legal teams focus on what actually matters while keeping the process defensible and efficient.

Key functions of processing and filtering platforms include:

  • Data reduction: Eliminates duplicate or unnecessary files to reduce review time.
  • Metadata preservation: Keeps file metadata intact, such as timestamps and authorship details.
  • Smart filtering: Applies keywords, date ranges, and user-based search parameters to isolate key evidence.
  • Privilege detection: Flags potentially privileged documents so attorneys can review or exclude them before production.

These systems act as a bridge between raw data and the review stage. By automatically cleaning and organizing large datasets, they help legal teams move from data chaos to focused analysis with greater speed and confidence.

AI-Assisted Review and Analytics

Reviewing thousands of files manually can take weeks. Traditional review methods depend on attorneys reading and tagging every document by hand, which slows down the process and raises costs.

eDiscovery solutions now include AI-assisted review, also known as computer-assisted review (CAR), to make this phase faster and more accurate.

In an AI-assisted system, algorithms learn from reviewer input and automatically predict which files are most likely relevant.

The more the reviewer tags or categorizes documents, the smarter the system becomes. It then prioritizes similar files for human review and can even exclude those that clearly don’t meet the criteria.

Let’s look at how manual vs. AI-assisted review compares:

Without AI assistance:

  • Reviewers read and tag each document individually
  • Relevance decisions are repeated across large data sets
  • Errors and inconsistencies are more likely
  • Time and cost increase significantly

With an AI legal discovery process:

  • The system learns from reviewer input and identifies patterns
  • Large data sets are reduced quickly to a smaller, focused group
  • Accuracy improves over time through iterative learning
  • Legal teams spend less time reviewing documents and more time on case strategy

Thanks to AI-assisted analytics, firms can turn what was once a manual bottleneck into a structured, data-driven process that strengthens both speed and defensibility in discovery.

Production and Case Management Systems

After review, the final stage of eDiscovery focuses on preparing and delivering relevant ESI in a format that meets court and client requirements.

Production and case management systems handle this process by packaging, tracking, and sharing files as part of the official legal procedure. They help legal teams manage large collections of electronic evidence while keeping everything organized, secure, and traceable.

These systems generate production sets that may include native documents (files in their original format), converted PDFs, or text-based versions for easier reference.

They also manage computer-generated content, such as audit trails, chat exports, or automatically created logs, which often provide valuable context in modern litigation.

Case management features go beyond production. They track deadlines, manage privilege logs, and maintain clear documentation of what was shared, to whom, and when. This creates a defensible audit trail that supports accuracy and compliance throughout the discovery phase.

In short, these platforms bring structure to the final step of the eDiscovery workflow. It turns complex data collections into ordered, presentable, and verifiable evidence ready for submission in court.

Reimagine Discovery With Briefpoint’s Automation Tools

If your discovery process still involves endless emails, spreadsheets, and formatting fixes, you’re working harder than you need to.

Even the most efficient legal teams find discovery work draining when everything has to be drafted, reviewed, and formatted by hand. Luckily, smarter automation tools can now completely transform how you manage the process.

Briefpoint

Briefpoint helps you skip the repetitive work and focus on strategy. It drafts discovery requests and responses automatically, complete with discovery objections, answers, and consistent language across matters. No more endless copy-pasting or reformatting just to stay compliant.

Then there’s Autodoc, Briefpoint’s newest feature that takes production to the next level. Upload your case files, and Autodoc builds Bates-cited Word responses and production packages in minutes. It even keeps everything traceable, so you always know where each file came from.

Together, Briefpoint and Autodoc turn what used to take days into a process measured in clicks. Faster, cleaner, and built for real legal work, so you can move cases forward without the late nights.

Book a demo to see how Briefpoint and Autodoc can simplify discovery from start to finish.

FAQs About How eDiscovery Works

What is the process of electronic discovery?

The process includes several stages: identification, preservation, collection, processing, review, and production. Each step builds an audit trail that shows how data was handled from start to finish, keeping everything defensible and transparent.

How does the eDiscovery process work?

It begins with locating digital information in the initial phase and ends with presenting the reviewed materials in court. Along the way, legal teams use software to filter, tag, and analyze data efficiently while protecting attorney-client privilege and sensitive details.

What are common eDiscovery software mistakes?

Some organizations struggle by skipping data preservation steps, mishandling metadata, or using the wrong search filters. Others overlook the importance of consistent documentation, which can weaken the defensibility of their discovery process.

What is an example of eDiscovery?

A law firm investigating a fraud case may collect emails, contracts, and chat records from company servers. The team then reviews this evidence using predictive coding to find relevant files quickly and build a clear case timeline.

How do data collection and document review affect discovery costs?

These two stages often account for most of the workload and such expenses in discovery. Using efficient tools and automation can shorten review time, improve accuracy, and lower overall costs while maintaining quality and compliance. Many modern eDiscovery providers now offer predictable pricing, helping law firms and legal departments manage budgets more easily and avoid unexpected fees during large-scale projects.

The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, constitute legal advice; instead, all information, content, and materials available on this site are for general informational purposes only. Information on this website may not constitute the most up-to-date legal or other information. 

This website contains links to other third-party websites. Such links are only for the convenience of the reader, user or browser. Readers of this website should contact their attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular legal matter. No reader, user, or browser of this site should act or refrain from acting on the basis of information on this site without first seeking legal advice from counsel in the relevant jurisdiction. Only your individual attorney can provide assurances that the information contained herein – and your interpretation of it – is applicable or appropriate to your particular situation. Use of, and access to, this website or any of the links or resources contained within the site do not create an attorney-client relationship between the reader, user, or browser and website authors, contributors, contributing law firms, or committee members and their respective employers.

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5 Best eDiscovery Software for More Defensible Discovery

5 Best eDiscovery Software for More Defensible Discovery

Handling evidence has changed dramatically in the recent decade. Nearly every modern case involves thousands of emails, chat messages, and cloud-stored documents that need to be collected, reviewed, and produced with precision.

Managing all this data manually just isn’t realistic anymore, and that’s why eDiscovery software has become a standard tool for legal professionals.

These platforms help law firms and corporate legal teams organize massive amounts of electronically stored information (ESI), automate repetitive steps, and maintain compliance through every phase of the discovery process.

But with so many options available, how do you know which eDiscovery software actually fits your team’s needs?

This guide takes a closer look at what eDiscovery software does, the features that matter most, and which solutions stand out for legal teams that need reliable, modern tools for managing digital evidence.

What Is eDiscovery Software?

eDiscovery software (short for electronic discovery software) helps legal professionals manage ESI during litigation, investigations, or regulatory reviews.

The eDiscovery process involves identifying, collecting, reviewing, and producing digital evidence that could be relevant to a case.

This type of legal discovery software makes it easier to sort through massive data volumes quickly and accurately while maintaining compliance and preserving data integrity. It’s especially important in modern legal practice, where most evidence exists in digital form.

Examples of electronically stored information include:

  • Emails and attachments
  • Chat messages and text logs
  • Cloud-stored documents or files
  • Social media posts or metadata
  • Databases and transaction records

By automating tasks like data filtering and tagging, eDiscovery software helps teams save time and reduce human error. It also provides search tools, audit trails, and review capabilities that make the entire discovery process defensible and organized throughout.

What Are the Must-Have Features for eDiscovery Software?

The right eDiscovery software provider should offer tools that make the electronic discovery process faster, more accurate, and easier to manage.

Modern electronic discovery solutions combine legal process automation with advanced technology like artificial intelligence and machine learning to handle large volumes of data efficiently.

A fast and intuitive platform saves hours of manual work and reduces the risk of missing key evidence. Here are the must-have features to look for:

  • Data collection and processing: Collect information from multiple sources and convert it into searchable formats.
  • AI and machine learning: Identify relevant documents automatically and speed up document review.
  • Advanced search tools: Use filters, metadata, and keyword logic to locate important files quickly.
  • Redaction and privilege tagging: Protects confidential or attorney-client data before sharing.
  • Audit trails: Track every action to maintain transparency and defensibility.
  • Collaboration tools: Let teams review and comment on documents in real time.
  • Reporting and analytics: Provides detailed insights into review progress and costs.

Choosing the right software vendor means finding a balance between ease of use, scalability, and automation. Let’s keep that in mind as we go to the next section.

Need an alternative to expensive eDiscovery solutions? Book a demo with Briefpoint.

5 Top eDiscovery Tools for Modern Legal Teams

Now that we’ve covered the key features to look for, let’s explore some of the best eDiscovery software options available today:

1. Logikcull

Logikcull is a trusted e-discovery software that helps legal professionals simplify the entire discovery workflow, from data processing to document review. It’s particularly useful for small and mid-sized law firms that need powerful tools without enterprise-level complexity.

Logikcull

Source: G2

The platform automates many steps of the electronic data management process. Its goal is to make it easy to organize, tag, and review files without relying on IT support or external vendors.

Once data is uploaded, Logikcull automatically scans, indexes, and categorizes it, which allows teams to analyze electronic data and locate relevant documents faster.

It also helps maintain regulatory compliance by tracking every action within the platform, keeping a full audit trail that meets legal standards.

Best Features

  • Automatic deduplication: Removes duplicate files to reduce review volume and focus on unique evidence.
  • Smart filters and search: Uses metadata, keywords, and file types to locate specific records quickly.
  • Built-in redaction tools: Protects confidential information and marks privileged content before production.
  • Audit-ready reports: Creates detailed logs for defensibility and compliance documentation.
  • Cloud integrations: Supports uploads from services like Google Drive, Slack, and Dropbox.
  • Real-time collaboration: Allows multiple users to review, comment, and tag documents simultaneously.

Pros

  • Simple interface with minimal setup time
  • Transparent, predictable pricing structure
  • Fast document uploads and efficient search functions
  • Secure data protection with encryption and strict access controls

2. Everlaw

Everlaw is a cloud-based eDiscovery platform designed for large law firms, government agencies, and legal departments managing complex cases.

It provides a complete platform for handling the full discovery cycle, ranging from early case assessment and data processing to final review and production.

Everlaw

Source: G2

Essentially, the software helps teams manage large volumes of digital data efficiently while keeping sensitive data secure through strict access controls and compliance standards.

Everlaw’s combination of automation, analytics, and collaboration tools allows teams to quickly identify the most relevant documents in massive data sets.

Additionally, its visual interface and reporting features make it easier for attorneys and investigators to understand case progress and evidence connections at a glance.

Best Features

  • Early case assessment: Analyzes large volumes of digital data early in the litigation process to refine search strategies.
  • AI-assisted document review: Uses predictive analytics to identify the most relevant documents faster.
  • Efficient data management: Automatically organizes uploads for quicker navigation and review.
  • Collaboration tools: Lets attorneys and legal departments comment and tag documents together in real time.
  • Advanced redaction and security: Protects sensitive data with audit trails and permission-based access.
  • Comprehensive reporting: Delivers visual insights into case timelines, reviewer activity, and production sets.

Pros

  • Smooth user experience with minimal training
  • Fast review and production process for complex cases
  • Strong compliance for handling confidential and regulated information

3. Nextpoint

Nextpoint is a cloud-based eDiscovery platform built to manage the entire litigation workflow. Unlike some complex enterprise tools, it focuses on simplicity and speed to give legal teams a platform that’s both powerful and approachable.

Nextpoint

Source: G2

Its intuitive interface allows attorneys, paralegals, and investigators to quickly upload, search, and organize evidence from multiple data sources. Nextpoint also helps firms maintain strict compliance requirements through built-in audit trails and secure storage options.

With features such as predictive coding, legal hold notifications, and robust reporting, it supports teams through every phase of discovery while reducing the time spent on manual review.

Plus, the platform’s advanced analytics highlight key insights, which can help users find relevant information and prioritize what matters most in each case.

Best Features

  • Legal hold management: Preserves data automatically and confirms acknowledgments for compliance.
  • Predictive coding: Uses AI to surface relevant information and streamline document review.
  • End-to-end workflow: Handles processing, review, and production without external lawyer tools.
  • Advanced analytics: Identifies patterns and key custodians to guide case strategy.
  • Robust reporting: Tracks user activity, review progress, and data exports.
  • Intuitive interface: Makes large-scale projects easier to manage and navigate.

Pros

  • Clear, user-friendly layout suited for busy legal teams
  • Good compliance features with defensible audit trails
  • Fast performance when processing large volumes of data
  • Comprehensive analytics that support better case preparation

4. DISCO

DISCO is recognized as a market leader in efficient eDiscovery for law firms, corporations, and government agencies. Built as a fully cloud-native platform, it helps legal teams handle everything from litigation to internal investigations with speed and accuracy.

DISCO

Source: G2

Its focus on legal automation and information governance makes it a strong choice for organizations that deal with large volumes of electronic information and need dependable performance.

The platform combines AI-driven document review with an intuitive interface that allows users to locate sensitive information quickly while maintaining defensibility.

And with its scalable performance, DISCO supports both small matters and enterprise-level cases. This gives teams the flexibility to expand as data grows.

It also integrates easily with other tools, so legal professionals can connect their existing systems while staying compliant with discovery rules and regulations.

Best Features

  • AI-assisted review: Accelerates document analysis by identifying patterns and reducing manual review time.
  • Information governance: Keeps electronic information organized and secure throughout the discovery lifecycle.
  • Compliance management: Helps teams ensure compliance through audit trails and secure access controls.
  • Scalable performance: Handles growing data volumes and multiple matters without slowdowns.
  • Integrations with other tools: Connects with case management and productivity systems for seamless workflows.
  • Sensitive information protection: Offers advanced redaction and encryption to prevent unauthorized access.

Pros

  • Fast and reliable cloud performance
  • Easy-to-use interface for both attorneys and support staff
  • Reliable security and compliance capabilities
  • Good scalability for high-volume discovery projects

5. Relativity

Relativity is one of the most established names in eDiscovery software, trusted by large law firms and corporations for handling complex cases and investigations.

The platform combines traditional discovery workflows with modern tools like generative AI to classify data, summarize content, and predict relevance.

Relativity

Source: G2

Relativity integrates seamlessly with popular platforms like Google Workspace and Microsoft 365, so users can collect and review data directly from familiar environments.

Moreover, its robust security framework includes multi-factor authentication, access controls, and encryption to keep sensitive files safe throughout the discovery process.

While Relativity is powerful, it’s known for having a moderate learning curve, especially for teams new to advanced analytics or custom workflows. However, once mastered, it becomes one of the most flexible and scalable discovery solutions available.

Best Features

  • Generative AI capabilities: Automates classification, summarization, and relevance scoring.
  • Comprehensive case preparation tools: Streamlines review, tagging, and production in one platform.
  • Google Workspace integration: Simplifies data collection from Gmail, Drive, and Docs.
  • Custom workflows: Adapts to specific review processes and compliance policies.
  • Multi-factor authentication: Protects user access and sensitive data.

Pros

  • Strong AI and automation for large, complex cases
  • Highly customizable workflows for diverse team needs
  • Secure and compliant environment with full audit trails
  • Broad integration support and scalable infrastructure

Get an Alternative to Expensive eDiscovery Solutions—Briefpoint

Choosing the best eDiscovery software depends on your organization’s data volume, budget, and workflow needs.

Platforms like Logikcull, Everlaw, Nexpoint, DISCO, and Relativity all deliver strong features for document review, data processing, compliance, and everything in between.

Yet for many legal teams, the challenge isn’t just finding the right tool. It’s keeping costs predictable and workflows simple.

Briefpoint

Briefpoint and its new product, AutoDoc, provide a smarter way forward. These solutions help legal professionals handle discovery tasks faster with automation that reduces manual work and administrative costs.

Briefpoint automates discovery responses to save hours typically spent on formatting and reviewing, while AutoDoc accelerates document creation and management across matters.

Together, they serve as an alternative to expensive eDiscovery solutions, offering speed, consistency, and accuracy without enterprise-level pricing.

Are you ready to modernize your discovery process once and for all? Book a demo and experience how Briefpoint and AutoDoc turn hours of discovery work into minutes, without the heavy software costs.

FAQs About the Best eDiscovery Software

What eDiscovery software do most law firms use?

Many law firms rely on established platforms such as Relativity, Logikcull, and DISCO because they offer complete control over the electronic discovery process. These tools are known for their scalability, security, and strong customer support, which make them suitable for both small and large legal teams.

Why is eDiscovery so expensive?

The cost often comes from the massive data volumes involved and the need for secure storage, hosting, and review. Some software vendors also charge based on data size or user access. Many firms now look for alternative eDiscovery solutions like Briefpoint to control costs while maintaining compliance.

What is the future of eDiscovery?

The future is driven by AI, automation, and predictive analytics. Tools with unique features such as generative AI and real-time collaboration are helping firms process data faster, make more informed decisions, and reduce risk during litigation and investigations.

How does eDiscovery software simplify document review?

eDiscovery tools use AI and keyword filters to group related files, prioritize important data, and reduce manual review time. This improves accuracy and helps attorneys focus on the most relevant evidence instead of sorting through repetitive information.

How do eDiscovery tools handle data security?

Modern eDiscovery platforms use encryption, access controls, and audit logs to protect sensitive information. Features like role-based permissions and two-factor authentication help legal teams maintain confidentiality throughout the entire process of discovery.

The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, constitute legal advice; instead, all information, content, and materials available on this site are for general informational purposes only. Information on this website may not constitute the most up-to-date legal or other information.

This website contains links to other third-party websites. Such links are only for the convenience of the reader, user or browser. Readers of this website should contact their attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular legal matter. No reader, user, or browser of this site should act or refrain from acting on the basis of information on this site without first seeking legal advice from counsel in the relevant jurisdiction. Only your individual attorney can provide assurances that the information contained herein – and your interpretation of it – is applicable or appropriate to your particular situation. Use of, and access to, this website or any of the links or resources contained within the site do not create an attorney-client relationship between the reader, user, or browser and website authors, contributors, contributing law firms, or committee members and their respective employers.

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